Analyse de l’écoféminisme, de l’écocritique, de l’aquapoétique et des humanités environnementales dans la poésie de Gabeba Baderoon
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.17159/tl.v61i1.16343Mots-clés :
conscience éco-féministe, aquapoétique, poésie de Gabeba Baderoon, Afrique du Sud, humanités environnementalesRésumé
Dans cet article, je me concentre sur la nature et les nuances écologiques dans la poésie de Gabeba Baderoon. Baderoon est une poétesse sud-africaine accomplie qui a publié quatre recueils de poèmes à ce jour : The Dream in the Next Body (2005), The Museum of Ordinary Life (2005), A Hundred Silences (2006) et The History of Intimacy (2018). Ces recueils de poèmes soutiennent la sensibilité écoféministe de Baderoon qui s’attaque aux défis éco-environnementaux de l’Afrique du Sud. En élargissant la portée de l’impact de l’écologie sur la poésie, je m’efforce d’illustrer comment la poésie de Baderoon est intimement liée aux tropes des humanités environnementales, de l’écoféminisme, de l’écocritique et de l’aquapoétique. Je m’interroge sur les préoccupations écologiques de Baderoon en Afrique du Sud. Les travaux critiques antérieurs sur sa poésie ne tiennent souvent pas compte de la façon dont sa poésie exploite de manière créative les tropes écopoétiques pour illustrer la problématique des préoccupations écologiques, du changement climatique et des crises environnementales. Au contraire, ils se focalisent souvent sur la représentation de la politique raciale de l’apartheid, qui aboutit à la pauvreté des Noirs dans sa poésie. Il est intéressant de noter que Baderoon n’impose pas une division stricte et totale entre ces préoccupations thématiques dans ses recueils de poèmes. Je soutiens dans cet article que, dans le cadre de son engagement en faveur des valeurs écologiques, Baderoon explore la relation entre les organismes humains et non humains dans sa poésie. On peut soutenir que la conception des relations humaines avec l’environnement permet à Baderoon de plaider en faveur de la protection des plantes, des animaux et des ressources en eau pour un écosystème durable.
Téléchargements
Références
Adams, Carol J. & Lori Gruen. Ecofeminism: Feminist Intersections with Other Animals and the Earth. Bloomsbury Academic, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501388323
Adhikari, Mohamed. Burdened By Race: Coloured Identities in Southern Africa. UCT P, 2013.
Akingbe, Niyi. “Mitigating Ecological Threats: Amplifying Environmental Activism in Gabeba Baderoon’s Poetry.” Poetry and the Global Climate Crisis: Creative Educational Approaches to Complex Challenges, edited by Amatoritsero Ede, Sandra Lee Kleppe & Angela Sorby. Routledge, 2024, pp.185–92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003399988-19
Akingbe, Niyi. “Writing Against Tyranny: Ken Saro-Wiwa and the Burden of Ogoni Nation in A Month and a Day: A Detention Diary.” IUP Journal of English Studies vol. 14, no. 1, 2019, pp.7–25.
Akingbe, Niyi & Paul Ayodele Onanuga. “Resisting Pacification: Locating Tension in G’Ebinyo Ogbowei’s Poetry.” CLCWeb-Comparative Literature and Culture vol. 23, no. 3, 2021, pp.1–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7771/1481-4374.3653. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7771/1481-4374.3653
Arnold, Annika. Climate Change and Storytelling: Narratives and Cultural Meaning in Environmental Communication. Palgrave Macmillan, 2018.
Baderoon, Gabeba. A Hundred Silences. Kwela, 2006.
Baderoon, Gabeba. “Nature.” Orchestra of Tongues, edited by Lukas Mkuti. Timbila Poetry Project, 2008.
Baderoon, Gabeba. The Dream in the Next Body. Kwela, 2005.
Baderoon, Gabeba. The History of Intimacy. TriQuarterly/Northwestern U Press, 2021.
Baderoon, Gabeba. The Museum of Ordinary Life. Kwela, 2005.
Becket, Fiona & Terry Gifford. “Introduction.” Culture, Creativity and Environment: New Environmentalist Criticism, edited by Fiona Becket & Terry Gifford. Brill, 2007, p.7–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789401204781_002
Belletti, Adriana & Luigi Rizzi. On Nature and Language: Noam Chomsky. Cambridge U P, 2002.
Brown, Kendrick. “Coloured and Black Relations in South Africa: The Burden of Racialized Hierarchy.” Macalester International vol. 9, 2000, pp. 198–207.
Brutus, Dennis. A Simple Lust: Collected Poems. Heinemann, 1970.
Bryson, J. Scott. Ecopoetry: A Critical Introduction. U of Utah P, 2002.
Bryson, J. The West Side of Any Mountain: Place, Space and Ecopoetry. U of Iowa P, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/book6840
Buell, Lawrence. The Environmental Imagination: Thoreau, Nature Writing, and the Formation of American Culture. Harvard U P, 1995. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1nzfgsv
Burton-Christie, Douglas. “Nature, Spirit, and Imagination in the Poetry of Mary Oliver.” Cross Currents vol. 46, no. 1, 1996. pp.77–87.
Caminero-Santangelo, Byron & Garth Andrew Myers. Environment at the Margins: Literary and Environmental Studies in Africa. Ohio U P, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/book.12360
Chasek, Pamela, David Downie & Janet Brown. Global Environmental Politics: Dilemmas in World Politics (Seventh Edition). Routledge, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429495236
Childs, Peter & Roger Fowler. The Routledge Dictionary of Literary Terms. Routledge, 2006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203462911
Christopher, Anthony John. The Atlas of Changing South Africa. Psychology, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203185902
Cianchi, John. Radical Environmentalism: Nature, Identity and More-than-Human Agency. Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137473783
Davis, K. Diana & Edmund Burke. Environmental Imaginaries of the Middle East and North Africa: History, Policy, Power, and Practice. Ohio U P, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/book.12359
De Loughrey, Elizabeth, Jill Didur & Anthony Carrigan. “Introduction: A Postcolonial Environmental Humanities.” Global Ecologies and the Environmental Humanities: Postcolonial Approaches, edited by Elizabeth DeLoughrey, Jill Didur & Anthony Carrigan. Routledge, 2015, pp. 1–32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315738635
Drengson, Alan “The Life and Work of Arne Naess: An Appreciative Overview.” Trumpeter vol. 21, no.1, 2005, pp. 5–47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4519-6
Eaton, Heather & Lois Ann Lorentzen. Ecofeminism and Globalization: Exploring Culture, Context, and Religion. Rowman & Littlefield, 2003.
Ede, Amatoritsero. “Beauty in the Harsh Lines.” An Interview with Gabeba Baderoon. Sentinel Poetry (Online) #37, 2005.
Emmett, Robert & David Nye. The Environmental Humanities: A Critical Introduction. MIT P, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/10629.001.0001
Ergin, Meliz. The Ecopoetics of Entanglement in Contemporary Turkish and American Literatures. Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63263-6
Evans, Laura. “Forced relocation in apartheid South Africa: The impact of ‘separate development’.” Modern History review, 2017, pp.1–22.
Fugard, Athol, John Kani & Winston Ntshona. Sizwe Bansi is Dead and The Island—Two Plays. Viking, 1976.
Hassan, Fekri. “Preface.” Droughts, Food and Culture: Ecological Change and Food Security in Africa’s Later Prehistory, edited by Fekri A. Hassan. Kluwer Academic, 2002, pp. iii–vii.
Hill, Christopher. South Asia: An Environmental History. ABC Clio, 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5040/9798216016809
Huggan, Graham. Interdisciplinary Measures: Literature and the Future of Postcolonial Studies. Liverpool U P, 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5949/UPO9781846313332
Huggan, Graham & Helen Tiffin. Postcolonialism Ecocriticism: Literature, Animals, Environment. Routledge, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315768342
Iheka, Cajetan. Naturalizing Africa. Cambridge U P, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108183123
Kerridge, Richard & Neil Sammells, eds. Writing the Environment: Ecocriticism and Literature. Zed, 1998.
Kreike, Emmanuel. Scorched Earth: Environmental Warfare as a Crime against Humanity and Nature. Princeton U P, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691189017
La Guma, Alex. In the Fog of the Seasons’ End. Heinemman, 1972.
Mallory, William & Paul Simpson-Housley. Geography and Literature: A Meeting of the Disciplines. Syracuse U P, 1987.
Mangena, Fainos. “How Applicable Is the Idea of Deep Ecology in the African Context?” Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions vol. 4, no.1, 2015, pp. 1–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/ft.v4i1.1
Mir, Yawer Ahmad. “Ecofeminism: A Brief Overview.” Notions vol. x, no. 1, 2019, pp. 43–51.
Mpuma, Nondwe. Peach Country. uHlanga, 2022.
Nabulya, Eve. “We have an Obligation to Act as the Custodians: Environmental Communitarianism in Mbugua’s Different Colours.” Research in African Literatures vol. 53, no. 2, 2022, pp. 79–93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2979/reseafrilite.53.2.05. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2979/reseafrilite.53.2.05
Naess, Arne. “The Basics of Deep Ecology.” Ecology of Wisdom, edited by Alan Drengson & Bill Devall. Penguin, 2008, pp. 105–19.
Nkealah, Naomi. & Shumani Rakgope. “The Loss of Nature: Ecocritical Discourses in Gabeba Baderoon’s Poetry.” English Academy Review vol. 33, no. 1, 2016, pp. 109–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10131752.2016.1153578. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10131752.2016.1153578
Oppermann, Serpil & Serenella Iovino. Environmental Humanities: Voices from the Anthropocene. Rowman & Littlefield, 2017.
Peet, Richard & Michael Watts. Liberation Ecologies: Environment, Development, Social Movements. Routledge, 1996. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203286784
Peterson, Jesse, D. “Doing Environmental Humanities: Inter/Trans Disciplinary Research through an Underwater 360% Video Poem.” Green Letters vol. 23, no. 1, 2019, pp. 68–82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14688417.2019.1583592. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14688417.2019.1583592
Robinson, David. “The Ocean, the Undertaker’s Wind, a Wind Called Hawkins, and Other Natural Phenomena: Representations of Nature in Ian Flemings’s Live and Let Die.” A Journal of English Studies vol. 40, no. 2, 2023, pp. 31–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10131752.2023.2215100. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10131752.2023.2215100
Rose, Deborah Bird, et al. “Thinking through the Environment, Unsettling the Humanities.” Environmental Humanities vol. 1, no. 1, 2012, pp. 1–5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/22011919-3609940. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/22011919-3609940
Rueckert, William. “Literature and Ecology: An Experiment in Ecocriticism.” The Ecocriticism Reader: Landmarks in Literary Ecology, edited by Cheryll Glotfelty & Harold Fromm. U of Georgia P, 1996, pp. 105–25.
Salleh, Ariel. Ecofeminism As Politics: Nature, Marx and The Postmodern. ZED, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350219793
Scigaj, Leonard. M. Sustainable Poetry: Four American Ecopoets. U of Kentucky P, 1999.
Sharp, John S. & Andrew D. Spiegel. “Vulnerability to impoverishment in South African rural areas: The erosion of kinship and neighbourhood as social resources.” Africa: Journal of the International African Institute vol. 55, no. 2, 1985, pp. 133–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1160298
Simkins, Charles. “The Evolution of the South African Population in the Twentieth Century,” edited by Robert Ross, Anne Kelk Mager & Bill Nasson. The Cambridge History of South Africa Volume 2, 1885–1994, 2011, pp. 492–517. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521869836.012
Slaymaker, William. “Natural Connections; Unnatural Identities: Ecocriticism in the Black Atlantic.” Journal of the African Literature Association vol. 1, no. 2, 2007, pp. 129–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21674736.2007.11690051. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21674736.2007.11690051
Strugeon, Noel. Ecofeminism Natures: Race, Gender, Feminist Theory and Political Action. Routledge, 1997.
Swanepoel, Piet. “Engaging with Nature.” Journal of Literary Studies vol. 23, no. 3, 2007, pp. 228–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02564710701568105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02564710701568105
Villanueva-Romero, Diana, Lorraine Kerslake & Carmen Flys-Junquera. Imaginative Ecologies: Inspiring Change Through the Humanities. Brill, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004501270
Téléchargements
Publiée
Numéro
Rubrique
Licence
(c) Copyright Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 2024
Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Partage dans les Mêmes Conditions 4.0 International.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-6584
.png){kind=spacer}